Everything about J Frank Dobie totally explained
James Frank Dobie (
September 26,
1888–
September 18,
1964) was an
American folklorist,
writer, and [newspaper]]
columnist best known for many books depicting the richness and traditions of life in rural
Texas during the days of the
open range. As a public figure, he was known in his lifetime for his outspoken
liberal views against Texas state politics, and for his long personal war against what he saw as bragging Texans, religious prejudice, restraints on individual liberty, and the assault of the mechanized world on the human spirit. He was also instrumental in the saving of the
Texas Longhorn breed of
cattle from extinction.
Early years
Dobie was born on a ranch in
Live Oak County, Texas and was the eldest of six children. When he was young, his father, Richard, read to him from the
Bible while his mother, Ella, read to him from stories such as
Ivanhoe and
Pilgrim's Progress. At 16, Dobie moved to
Alice, Texas, where he lived with his grandparents and finished high school. In
1906, he enrolled in
Southwestern University in
Georgetown, Texas, where he was introduced to
English poetry by a professor, who urged him to become a writer. While in college he also met Bertha McKee, whom he married in
1916.
After he graduated in
1910, Dobie worked briefly for newspapers in
San Antonio and
Galveston, before gaining his first teaching job at a high school in
Alpine, Texas. In
1911, he returned to Georgetown to teach at the Southwestern Preparatory School, and in
1913, he went to
Columbia University in
New York City to work on a master's degree. In
1914, he returned to Texas to join the faculty of the
University of Texas at Austin, and joined the
Texas Folklore Society. In
1917, he left the university to serve in the field
artillery in
World War I. He was briefly sent overseas at the end of the war and was discharged in
1919.
Early writing career
Dobie began to publish his first articles in
1919. In
1920 he wrote articles mostly about Longhorn cattle and life in the southwest. Dobie left the faculty at the University of Texas to work his uncle's ranch in
La Salle County, where he discovered a desire to put the rich experience of Texas ranch life and southwestern folklore into words.
After a year on the ranch, he returned to the University of Texas and began to use its library and the resources of the Texas Folklore Society to write articles about the vanishing way of life on rural Texas ranches. In
1922, he became secretary of the Texas Folklore Society and began a program for publication. He held the post of secretary-editor of the society for 21 years. Unable to get a promotion without a Ph.D., in
1923 Dobie accepted a job at
Oklahoma A&M University as the chair of the English department. While in Oklahoma, he wrote for the
Country Gentleman. He returned to Austin in
1925 after receiving a token promotion with the help of his friends.
After returning to Austin, he published his first book,
A Vaquero of the Brush Country in
1929, which helped establish him as a voice about Texas and southwestern culture. In the title, Dobie claimed that the book was based "partly on the reminiscences of John Young." However, the entire book, except one chapter, "The Bloody Border," was actually written by John Young. The matter of the authorship of "A Vaquero of the Brush Country" was ultimately resolved in litigation between Young's descendants and the Estate of J. Frank Dobie and the University of Texas, holders of interests in the copyright. The outcome of the litigation established John Young and J. Frank Dobie as joint authors of "A Vaquero of the Brush Country." John Young was an open-range
vaquero who had fought against the encroachment of
barbed wire. In
1930 Dobie published
Coronado's Children, a collection of folklore about lost mines and lost treasures. This was followed by a series of books in the
1930s, leading up to the publication in
1941 of
The Longhorns, which is considered one of the best descriptions of the traditions of the
Texas Longhorn cattle breed during the
19th century.
In
1939, Dobie began publishing a Sunday newspaper column in which he routinely poked fun at Texas politics. A liberal
Democrat, he often found an easy target for his words in state politicians. Regarding state politics, he once wrote, "When I get ready to explain homemade fascism in America, I can take my example from the state capitol of Texas."
Later writing career
During
World War II, he taught American history at
Cambridge University and returned to
Europe after the war to teach in
England,
Germany, and
Austria. He later wrote of his experiences at Cambridge in his book
A Texan in England.
In
1944, after a fellow professor was fired from the University of Texas for his liberal views, Dobie became outraged, leading to a statement by Texas governor
Coke Stevenson that Dobie should be dismissed. Dobie's subsequent request for an extension of his leave-of-absence was rejected and he was dismissed.
After his dismissal from the University of Texas, Dobie published another series of books and anthologies of stories about the open range. On
September 14,
1964,
President Lyndon Johnson awarded him the
Medal of Freedom. Dobie died four days later on September 18. His funeral was held in Hogg Auditorium on the University of Texas Campus and he was buried in the
Texas State Cemetery.
Legacy
Dobie Paisano Fellowship
In 1959, after a severe illness, Dobie sold his ranch in
Marble Falls and bought a ranch fourteen miles southwest of Austin, which he named "Paisano." He used the ranch as a writer's retreat until his death in 1964. A movement to preserve the ranch was started shortly after, and, by 1966, the deed was handed over to the University of Texas.
Its mission was stated as "Paisano will be operated by the University as a permanent memorial to J. Frank Dobie, and the primary use will be to encourage creative artistic effort in all fields, particularly in writing. It will be kept in its present more or less natural state and the ranch house will be kept in simple style, very much as it was when Frank Dobie occupied it." Two fellowships of six months each are awarded by a committee chosen by the presidents of the University of Texas at Austin and the
Texas Institute of Letters. The applicants must be native Texans, or Texas residents for at least two years, or persons whose writing is substantially identified with the state.
Buildings named in his honor
List of works
A Vaquero of the Brush Country. Dallas: The Southwest Press. 1929.
Coronado's Children. Dallas: The Southwest Press. 1930.
On the Open Range. Dallas: The Southwest Press. 1931.
Tongues of the Monte. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday. 1935.
The Flavor of Texas. Dallas: Dealey and Lowe. 1936.
Tales of the Mustang. Dallas: Rein Co. for The Book Club of Texas. 1936.
Apache Gold & Yaqui Silver. Boston: Little, Brown. 1939.
John C. Duval. First Texas Man of Letters. Dallas: Southwest Review. 1939.
The Longhorns. Boston: Little, Brown and Co. 1941.
Guide to Life and Literature of the Southwest. Austin: U.T. Press. 1943.
A Texan in England. Boston: Little, Brown. 1945.
The Voice of the Coyote. Boston: Little, Brown. 1949.
The Ben Lilly Legend. Boston: Little, Brown. 1950.
The Mustangs. Boston: Little, Brown. 1952.
Tales of Old Time Texas. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. 1955.
Up the Trail From Texas. N.Y.: Random House. 1955.
I'll Tell You a Tale. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. 1960.
Cow People. Boston: Little, Brown. 1964.
Some Part of Myself. Boston: Little, Brown. 1967.
Rattlesnakes. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. 1965.
Out of the Old Rock. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. 1972.
Prefaces. Boston: Little, Brown. 1975.
Wild and Wily Range Animals. Flagstaff: Northland Press. 1980.
Many of Dobie's works are featured in Ramon Adams' Six-Guns and Saddle Leather and The Rampaging Herd, two well respected bibliographic works on the history of the American West and the cattle industry.
Quotes
From the introductory comments to Dobie's Guide to Life and Literature of the Southwest: "Not copyright in 1942. Again not copyright in 1952. Anybody is welcome to help himself to any of it in any way."
"I have come to value liberated minds as the supreme good of life on earth."
"The average Ph.D. thesis is nothing but a transfer of bones from one graveyard to another...."
"Conform and be dull."
"I rate censors, particularly those of church and state, as low as I rate character assassins; they often run together."
"If during a decade a man doesn't change his mind on some things and develop new points of view, it's a pretty good sign that his mind is petrified and need no longer be accounted among the living."
"I'd rather starve and be independent than thrive on conformity. I'm not starving."
"Great literature transcends its native land, but none that I know of ignores its soil."Further Information
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